Clinical features of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the head and neck / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the clinical characteristics of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) in head and neck and to discuss its treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-seven cases of IMT in head and neck diagnosed at the Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2004 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 27 patients, 12 males and 15 females, age ranged from 8 to 77 years, with a median 43 years old. Treatment included: 1 with radiotherapy, 22 with surgery, 3 with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, one with concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. Of the 27 cases, 5 located in the neck, 6 in the nasal and paranasal sinus, 4 in the temporal bone, 3 in the throat, 2 in the parotid gland, 2 in the lower pharynx, 1 in the mandible, 1 in the maxilla, 1 in the masseter muscle, 1 in the amygdala and 1 in the pharynx nasalis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Following-up time was 4-85 months, with a median of 26 months. Six cases lost follow-up, 1 case with malignant transformation and died, 16 cases survived with no recurrence, 4 cases relapsed, of whom 2 were alive with tumors and 2 died.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IMT in the head and neck has a tendency to be malignancy, with certain recurrence rate and mortality. Radical excision is still the first choice of treatment for IMT in head and neck.</p>

Clinical features and prognostic analysis of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm in different pathological grades / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) in different pathological grades.Methods The clinical data of 183 patients with rectal NENs who were admitted to the PLA General Hospital from January 2001 to April 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.All the clinical and pathological data of the patients who received endoscopy and (or) surgical resection were retrieved from the work station and the database of the endoscopic center.Based on the 2010 WHO pathology classification of digestive tumors,the pathological data were ranked according to the mitotic count.The prognosis of the patients was learned by re-examination or phone call.The follow-up ended till July 2014 or at the death of patients.Data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results A total of 183 patients were enrolled in this study including 120 males and 63 females.The median age of the patients was 48 years (range,14-83 years).Seventy-four patients had the symptom of hemafecia,9 patients had abdominal pain and change in bowel habit,and 70 patients were diagnosed by body examination.Other symptoms included increased level of tumor markers and abdominal distension.Carcinoid syndrome was not detected in all the patients.Fourteen patients were complicated with polyp of intestine,5 with tubular adenoma,3 with colorectal adenocarcinoma and 1 with small cell lung cancer.The diameters of the tumor under 1 cm were detected in 162 patients,the diameters of the tumors ranged between 1 cm and 2 cm in 14 patients,and the diameters of the tumors above 2 cm in 7 patients.The mean distance between the tumor and the anus was (5-± 3)cm.Of the 183 patients,130 received endoscopic treatment,43 received surgical treatment and 10 received clamping because the tumor was misdiagnosed as polyps.There were 158 patients in grade1 (154 in stage Ⅰ,1 in stage Ⅱ,1 in stage Ⅲ and 2 in stage Ⅳ),21 in grade2 (13 in stage Ⅰ,3in stage Ⅱ,3 in stage Ⅲ and 2 in stage Ⅳ),4 in grade 3 (1 in stage Ⅰ,1 in stage Ⅲ and 2 in stage Ⅳ).Six patients had liver metastasis and 9 had lymph node metastasis.Fourteen patients died (4 in grade 1,6 in grade 2 and 4 in grade 3).The 5-year survival rate of patients was 92.35％ (169/183).There were significant differences in the gender,tumor diameter,tumor staging,lymph node metastasis distal metastasis and 5-year survival rate among patients with rectal NENs in different pathological grades (x2=60.949,71.587,32.135,55.486,56.512,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Rectal NENs lacks the specific clinical manifestation and is more likely to happen in males,and it often locates at the middle-lower rectum.Most of the rectal NENs belongs to stage Ⅰ and grade 1 and is less than 1 cm in size.The prognosis of patients with rectal NENs in different pathological grades is different.The 2010 WHO pathology classification of digestive tumors is useful to asses the prognosis of rectal NENs.Different grades of rectal NENs could be taken into account when designing the treatment plan.

Prognosis factor analysis for rectal neuroendocrine tumor / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To study the related prognostic factors influencing rectal neuroendocrine tumor prognosis.Methods We retrospectively reviewed tumor clinical and pathology material of 183 cases with rectal neuroendocrine in our hospital during recent 10 years and reclassified them according to the 2010 WHO pathology classification.Single factor and multivariate analysis were performed to find related prognostic factors.Results Single factor analysis showed that tumor size (＜ 1 cm,1-2 cm,＞2 cm,98.77％ vs 78.57％ vs 28.57％,x2 =71.4793,P =0.0001),pathological grading (G1,G2,G3,98.73％ vs.76.19％ vs 25.00％,x2 =56.5121,P =0.0001) and the stage (stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ period,99.40％ vs 50.00％ vs 60.00％ vs 16.67％,x2 =105.0383,P =0.0001) among the three variables survival difference was statistically significant.Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) indicated that the tumor stage were independent factors affecting the prognosis,regression coefficient was 1.277 (B),Wald value of 28.145,Exp (B) a value of 3.586,95％ CI:2.237-5.747.Conclusion Tumor staging is an independent risk factor of survival,without considering other factors,different tumor size and pathologic grade also have different prognosis.Clinicians in making treatment plan should fully consider the above factors before choosing the appropriate follow-up plan.

Clinicopathologic significance of chromosome 17 polysomy in breast cancer / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicopathological significance of chromosome 17 polysomy in breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective study of 200 cases of breast cancer including 106 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma and 94 cases of in-situ carcinoma was performed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) to explore the relationship between chromosome 17 polysomy and age, nuclear atypia, lymphatic metastasis, HER2 gene amplification and HER2 protein expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-six percent (52/200) of chromosome 17 polysomy was detected in 200 cases of breast ductal carcinoma, all of which were invasive ductal carcinoma. Overall 52. 8% (52/180) of invasive ductal carcinoma cases showed chromosome 17 polysomy, which was correlated to HER2 gene amplification (P = 0.000) and HER-2 protein expression (P=0.000), and to HER2 expression combined with HER2 gene amplification (P=0.001). Chromosome 17 polysomy with or without HER2 gene amplification was also associated with high-grade nuclear atypia (P = 0.012 or P = 0.010) and lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.002 or P = 0.009 ). However, chromosome 17 polysomy with or without HER2 gene amplification was not correlative with the age of patients (P = 1. 000 or P = 0. 415).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chromosome 17 polysomy may be related to the nuclear atypia, metastasis, HER2 gene amplification of invasive ductal carcinoma and thus a worse prognosis of the patients.</p>

Effects of Fructus lycii and Radix astragali on the function of sertoli cells in rat testes / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the Chinese herbal medicines Fructus Lycii and Radix Astragali on the function of the Sertoli cells in the rat testis and their mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sertoli cells from the testes of the SD rats aged 18 - 22 days were isolated and cultured. The effects of Fructus Lycii, Radix Astragali and the combined administration of the two on the proliferation of Sertoli cells in vitro were detected by MTT assay, and their effects on the level of INHbetaB mRNA transcription in Sertoli cells in vitro were investigated in both normal environment and peroxide-damaging environment by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proliferation of Sertoli cells was promoted by either Fructus Lycii or Radix Astragali at high concentration (P < 0.05), and significantly promoted by the combined administration at high concentration (P <0.01). Sertoli cell INHbetaB transcription was significantly up-regulated by Fructus Lycii, Radix Astragali and their combined administration in vitro (P < 0.01). When the level of INHbetaB mRNA in Sertoli cells significantly dropped (P < 0.01) in the presence of injury induced by peroxide (H2O2), it could be elevated by Radix Astragali (P < 0.05) and significantly up-regulated by Fructus Lycii or the combined administration in vitro (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fructus Lycii, Radix Astragali and the combined administration of the two could promote and protect INHbetaB mRNA in Sertoli cells in vitro.</p>

Expression and significance of bcl-2, bax, P53 in neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>bcl-2 and bax are main regulators of cell apoptosis, both are downstream genes of wild-type p53 gene. This study is to investigate the expression of bcl-2, bax, P53, C-erbB-2 and nm23-H1 in neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung (NEC) and their relationship to tumor biological characteristics and survival time of patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hematoxylin-eosin staining and SP immunohistochemical staining were performed on paraffin embedded tissues of 59 patients with NEC. The relationship between the expression of p53, bcl-2, bax and the clinicopathological factors was analyzed by Chi-square test, multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The following positive expression rates were observed in cancer tissue: bax 56%, bcl-2 46%, P53 27%, C-erbB-2 14%, nm23-H1 90%. Of them bcl-2 related to pathological type (P=0.037), TNM stage (P=0.011), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.020), bax didn't relate to these biological characteristics. Both bcl-2 and P53 showed negative correlation to prognosis in Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (P=0.0338 and 0.0375 respectively), the expression of which linked to poor prognosis and short survival time, while nm23-H1 showed positive correlation to prognosis (P=0.0021), but Cox survival analysis demonstrated that only bcl-2 was associated with survival time of patients (P=0.011).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>bcl-2 is an independent prognostic factor in NEC.</p>

Expression of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) protein and its significance in diagnosing classical Hodgkin lymphoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of FHIT protein and its potential application in diagnosing classic Hodgkin lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemical study using EnVision method for FHIT tumor suppressor protein, hematopoietic stem cell markers CD133/AC133 and CD34, B-cell marker CD20, T-cell marker CD3 and oncoprotein c-erbB2 was performed on 33 cases of classic Hodgkin lymphoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirty-three of the Hodgkin lymphoma cases (90.9%) expressed FHIT protein. The antigen was mainly located in the cytoplasm, nucleus and membrane of classic Reed-Sternberg and Reed-Sternberg-like cells. Normal B and T lymphocytes, as well as their malignant counterparts, were negative for FHIT protein; whereas monocytes, histiocytes and dendritic cells were positive. All the cases studied were negative for CD133/AC133, CD34, CD3 and c-erbB-2. Two of the 33 cases showed positive staining for CD20 in some of the Reed-Sternberg cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of FHIT protein can be used as a useful adjunct in diagnosing classic Hodgkin lymphoma.</p>

Diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection in paraffin-embedded cervical tissues by gene clip technology / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility of diagnosing of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in paraffin-embedded cervical tissues by high-throughput gene chip technology and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty cases of HPV-related cervical lesions, including 18 cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma, 12 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III, 6 cases of CIN II and 4 cases of CIN I, were enrolled. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using HPV DNA primers. The PCR products were then reversely hybridized with gene chip technology. The results were compared with that of in-situ hybridization (ISH).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All of the 18 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were positive for high-risk HPV genotypes (with 1 case showing a mixture with low-risk genotypes). In contrast, 11 cases (91.7%) of CIN III, 5 cases (83%) of CIN II and none of the CIN I cases were positive for high-risk HPV genotypes. On the other hand, low-risk HPV genotypes were detected only in 1 case (17%) of CIN II and 2 cases (50%) of CIN I. The difference between the two groups (CIN III/squamous cell carcinoma versus CIN I/CIN II) was statistically significant (U = 80.0, P < 0.01). Among the 10 squamous carcinoma cases positive for HPV types 16 and 18 by gene chip technology, high-risk HPV DNA was also detected in 6 of them when using in-situ hybridization.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gene chip technology is able to detect multiple HPV genotypes in paraffin-embedded tissues with high sensitivity and specificity. The distinction between low and high-risk HPV genotypes is seemed useful in prevention and management of cervical cancer.</p>

Clinicopathologic and prognostic study of 404 colon cancer cases / 基础医学与临床

Objective To identify clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors through a retrospective analysis of 404 colon cancer patients.Methods A total of 404 patients(209 of them were followed up with inquisition) with colon cancer were surgically treated from 1993 to 2003 and studied by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Using univariate analysis age of patients,it was found that differentiation degree of the tumors,lymphatic invasion,abdominal and distant metastases,TNM stage and adjuvant radiotherapy were associated with outcome.(2)Multivariate analysis showed that only abdominal and distant metastases and TNM stage were associated with prognosis.Conclusion Multivariate analysis proved following list are independent prognostic factors: abdominal,distant metastases and TNM stage.

Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 12p12-13 region in Chinese patients with colon carcinoma / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>It is demonstrated that KRAS2, functioning as an oncogene, plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. However, some studies suggest that the wild type KRAS2, located in the region of 12p12.1, takes its effect as a tumor suppressor gene. This study, therefore, is aimed to investigate the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 12p12-13 region in 10 human colon carcinomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LOH analysis of the 12p12-13 region was performed by PCR, using 11 microsatellite markers in 12p12-13 region. The relationships between LOH for each marker and clinical pathologic factors were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LOH in at least one of the loci in 12p12-13 region was detected in 30% (3/10) of adjacent tissues; the highest frequency of LOH was identified at the locus of D12S1034 in 28.57% (2/7) of adjacent tissues. 60% (6/10) carcinoma tissues were found to have LOH in at least one locus in the same region; the most frequent LOH was found at the loci of D12S1034 and D12S1591, both about 42.86% (3/7). Among all samples, 3 cases were noted to have LOH in both adjacent and tumor tissues, and 3 cases were shown to have LOH only in tumor tissues. Occurrence of LOH was not correlated with sex, age, tumor size and lymph node metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allelic loss on 12p12-13 region would influence the KRAS2 expression by reducing the gene-dosage in colon carcinogenesis.</p>

Zinc content analysis in serum, seminal plasma and spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic patients / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the zinc content in serum, seminal plasma and spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic patients, and analyse the relationship between zinc changes and sperm density as well as sperm motility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sperm quality analysis was made according to the WHO standard of Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Human Semen and Sperm-cervical Mucus Interaction (4th edition), and then 90 asthenozoospermic patients, 60 oligoasthenozoospermic patients and 20 fertile men with normal sperm quality were screened out as the objects to be researched. The zinc content in their blood, seminal plasma and spermatozoa was detected by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. And then a statistical analysis was made on the test results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The blood zinc content among the 3 groups had no significant difference; the seminal plasma zinc of asthenozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic patients were significantly lower than that of fertile men (P < 0.05); the spermatozoa zinc content of oligoasthenozoospermic patients was significantly higher than that of asthenozoospermic patients and fertile men (P < 0.01), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There may be a positive relationship between the feebleness of sperm production and motility of asthenozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic patients and the lower content of seminal plasma zinc; however, the relationship between the higher spermatozoa zinc content and the function of sperm production and sperm motility is still not clear, on which a further study should be made.</p>

Apoptosis of breast cancer cell line induced by small direct-current electric field and its related mechanism in expression of p21 and p16 genes / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo observe the apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by small direct-current electric field (EF) and its related possible mechanism in expression of p21 and p16 genes.MethodsSmall direct-current EF was applied in human breast cancer cell line MCF7 in vitro and the effect of EF on apoptosis and expression of p21 and p16 important genes of breast cancer cells was observed.ResultsThe small direct-current EF had an obvious apoptosis inducing effect on breast cancer cells. A lot of cancer cells were sloughed from culture dish by 200 mV/mm of the EF strength. The number of the apoptotic cancer cells was gradually significantly increased and mRNA expressions of p21 and p16 genes were raised following the EF strength being up (P<0.01).ConclusionThe small direct-current EF has an obvious apoptosis inducing effect on breast cancer cells. It may be related with the expression of p21 and p16 genes.

Expression of c-kit protein and its significance in human small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the clinicopathological significance of c-kit protein expression in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>c-kit protein expression was detected in 52 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded SCLC, 20 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 10 normal lung tissues by immunohistochemistry with rabbit antibody to human c-kit protein.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>c-kit protein was expressed in 61.5% (32/52) of primary SCLC, but negative in all 20 samples of NSCLC and 10 normal lung tissues. c-kit protein was localized in cytoplasm of cancer cells. The expression of c-kit protein was related to tumor size ( P =0.010) and prognosis ( P =0.000 1), but not to sex ( P =0.208), age ( P =1.000) or TNM stage ( P =0.722) of SCLC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>c-kit protein expression may be corresponding to the prognosis of SCLC. Since in situ detection of c-kit protein is more direct than the other methods, it is helpful to clinicopathological diagnosis, targeted therapies interacting with c-kit signaling pathway and prognostic assessment in SCLC.</p>

Pathologic diagnoses of core needle biopsies of the mediastinum / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To assess the diagnostic accuracy and to study the histologic typing of mediastinal lesions using core needle biopsies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The histopathology and immunophenotype of 65 mediastinal core needle biopsy specimens were studied retrospectively by light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining (ABC method). Gene rearrangement studies were performed in some of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas cases using PCR. Follow-up records were also analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Morphologically, all specimens showed a combination of epithelioid cells, lymphoid cells and fibrous tissue in different proportions. The pathologic diagnoses included lymphoma (21 cases), pulmonary carcinoma (20 cases), thymoma (14 cases), thymic carcinoma (4 cases), seminoma (3 cases) and chronic inflammation (1 case). Definitive diagnosis was not possible in 2 cases due to insufficient material. The tumor cells in lymphoma (21 cases) expressed CD20, CD3, TDT, CD30, CD15 or EMA, depending on their histologic subtypes. Tumor cells in the 17 pulmonary carcinoma cases expressed cytokeratin (CK), except 3 cases of small cell carcinoma of lung. Synaptophysin, chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase were all positive in the 10 cases of small cell carcinoma of lung and 1 case of thymic small cell carcinoma (which was also CD5 negative). The 3 cases of adenocarcinoma of lung showed positivity for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and they were negative for CD5. The 14 thymoma cases expressed CK, CD3 or CD20. The 3 thymic carcinoma cases expressed CK and CD5. Placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) was positive in 3 seminoma cases which were CK-negative. Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was rearranged in the 3 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 1 B-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma case. T-cell receptor beta gene was rearranged in 5 T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Microscopic assessment of tissue samples from mediastinal core needle biopsies should be made in combination with clinical and radiologic information. Ancillary investigations, including immunohistochemical staining and/or gene rearrangement studie, are needed in both non-lymphoma and lymphoma cases of mediastinum.</p>

Apoptosis of breast cancer cell line induced by small direct-current electric field and its mechanism / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo research the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by application of small direct-current electric field(EF) and its related possible mechanism.MethodsSmall direct-current EFs were applied in human breast cancer cell line MCF7 in vitro to observe the effects on apoptosis of cancer cells by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)and to detect the mRNA expression of p53, Rb and E2F1 genes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsA lot of cancer cells were observed slaughed from culture dish by 200mV/mm of the field strength and the number of the apoptotic cancer cells was gradually significantly increased with the application of EFs(P<0.01). mRNA expression level for p53 and Rb genes was elevated but that for E2F1 gene was decreased overtly in cancer cells exposed to EFs.ConclusionApoptosis of breast cancer cells can be induced by small direct-current EFs and the change for expression of p53, Rb and E2F1 genes may be involved in the mechanism.

Analysis of sterile male semen of occupational drivers / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the possible correlation between the driver's occupation and male semen quality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples were collected from 1,223 infertile men (78 drivers and 1,145 non-drivers) and 100 normal men, and their liquefaction, sperm density, sperm vitality, sperm motility and sperm shape were analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The abnormal rates of semen quality in sterile male drivers were significantly higher than in non-drivers(P < 0.05) and in normal men(P < 0.01). The semen abnormal rates in drivers with more than 8 years' driving experience were higher than in those with less than 8 years' driving experience(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Driving occupation can result in abnormal semen quality.</p>

Loss of fragile histidine triad expression in colorectal carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene protein, FHIT and the possible relationship between FHIT expression and clinicopathological indices in colorectal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Detecting FHIT protein expression in 60 cases of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded colorectal carcinoma by citrate-microwave-SP immunohistochemical method, and analyzing its relationship to histological grade, Dukes' stage and 5-year survival rate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>55% of the carcinomas showed a marked loss or absence of FHIT expression compared with their matched normal mucosa. Carcinomas with reduced expression of FHIT correlated with their histological grade, Dukes' stage (P < 0.05) and 5-year survival rate. The distribution of decreased expression of FHIT was 7/16 in grade I carcinoma, 14/30 in grade II, 12/14 in grade III, respectively. The correlation between decreased expression of FHIT and Dukes' staging was 5/11 in stage A, 12/28 in stage B, and 16/21 in stage C. The difference between stage A, B with no lymph nodes metastases and the stage C with lymph nodes metastases was of significance (P < 0.05). The follow-up data of 39 cases showed that in the 5-year survival group, 13/25 were of the low FHIT expression carcinomas, while in 5-year deceased group 12/14 were of the low FHIT expression carcinomas (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The reduced expression of FHIT may be associated with decreasing differentiation, metastasis and 5-year survival rate in colorectal carcinoma. It is suggested that decreased FHIT expression plays an important role in the development and progression of the tumor, and thus may become a new prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma.</p>

A clinicopathological study of fifteen epithelioid angiosarcoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathological features of epithelioid angiosarcoma (EA) and to propose its differential diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>15 EAs were observed by means of HE staining, immunohistochemical staining (ABC method) and in part by electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twelve cases occurred in men and three in women. Clinical symptoms included a focal mass with pain, weight loss and weakness. The tumors were located in the retroperitoneum (n = 3), extremities (n = 3), femur (n = 4), thyroid (n = 2), supraobit (n = 1), soft tissue of thorax (n = 1), soft tissue of neck (n = 1). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated solid to cystic neoplasms ranging from 3 to 20 cm in diameter. Histologically, the epithelioid cells were arranged diffusely or in nests with hemorrhage and focal necrosis. Atypical tumor cells lined the irregular spaces and single or small nests of cells grouped around a lumen containing red blood cells. FVIII, CD34, CD31,CK and EMA were positive in tumor cells and SMA was positive in pericytes. Ultrastructurally, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, Weibel-Palades, intermediate filaments and basal lamina could be seen. Surgical resection was the treatment of choice, occasionally with adjuvant chemotherapy. Follow-up. Two patients are presently alive 19 months and 7 years following diagnosis. Twelve died from 2 weeks to 38 months with a median interval of 19 months after lumpectomy. One patient was lost to follow up. There were 8 cases which had metastases to lungs, bones, lymph nodes and abdominal cavity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EA is a high-grade sarcoma. Endothelial derivation can be confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and ultrastructural findings. The differential diagnosis of EA includes metastatic carcinoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, melanoma, epithelioid sarcoma etc.</p>

Clinicopathological analysis of loss of fragile histidine triad expression in lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the relationship between expression of fragile histidine triad gene protein, Fhit, and clinicopathological characteristics of human lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fhit protein expression was detected in 92 cases of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human lung cancer by citrate-microwave-SP immunohistochemical method, of which 52 were non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) and 40 small cell cancer (SCLC). Its relationship to histological grade, lymph node metastasis and histological classification were analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The loss of Fhit protein expression were found in 62.0% (57/92) and 4.3% (4/92) of cancer tissue and normal lung tissue, respectively and there was a significant difference in the expression of Fhit protein between cancer and normal tissue (P=0.000). 53.8% (28/52) of the cases of NSCLC showed a marked loss or absence of Fhit expression, 46.2% (24/52) of cases were negative, 7.7% (4/52) showed a higher expression and 38.5% (20/52) equal to the level of Fhit expression compared with the matched normal tissues. The loss of Fhit expression was closely related to histological grade (P=0.003), to lymph node metastasis (P=0.029), and to histological classification of the cases (P=0.003). There was a significant difference between grade I+II (38.2%; 13/34) and grade III cancer (83.3%; 15/18), between cancers with lymph node metastasis (70.8%; 17/24) and those without (39.3%; 11/28), and between squamous cell carcinoma ( 68.6%; 24/35) and adenocarcinoma (23.5%; 4/17). The loss of Fhit protein expression was found in 33 of 40 cases of SCLC (82.5%) and the remainder 7 cases (17.5%) showed the same quantity of expression of Fhit, compared with the normal bronchial mucosa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of Fhit protein may be associated with the decreasing differentiation, lymph node metastasis and histological classification in NSCLC, and be corresponding to the occurrence and evolution of SCLC. These results suggest that the decreased Fhit expression plays an important role in the development and progression of the tumor, and thus may become a new prognostic marker in human lung cancer.</p>

The role of P53, Bax, Bcl-2 expression and cell apoptosis in the formation and development of acute radiation-induced skin ulcers / 军事医学科学院院刊

Objective:To study the expression of P53, Bax, Bcl-2 proteins and the role of cell apoptosis in the formation and development of acute radiation-induced skin ulcers.Methods:A rat model which was locally irradiated with 60 Co γ-rays was used, and the pathological changes were observed for 40 days. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were performed which enabled the detection of P53, Bax, Bcl-2 and cell apoptosis during the formation and development of radiation skin ulcers.Results: Skin ulcers were found on day 14 after irradiation, and enlarged and deepened gradually during the observation period. P53 was over expressed during days 11 to 40 after irradiation and was localized in vascular endotheliocytes and smooth muscle cells. Bax was moderately positive during days 14 to 21 and weakly positive during days 28 to 35, and was localized in vascular endotheliocytes, some fibroblasts and proliferating keratinocytes. Bcl-2 was weakly positive during days 1 to 11 after irradiation, and was located in keratinocytes, hair follicular cells and some vascular endotheliocytes. Bcl-2 was negative during days 11 to 40.The rate of cell apoptosis, especially of vascular endotheliocytes,wash igher than that in the early process of normal wound healing. Conclusions:After irradiation,the increased expression of the apoptosis-inducing protein P53, Bax and the decreased expression of the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 might be associated with the high rate of apoptotic events, and play important roles in the formation and development of radiation skin ulcers.